CVE intelligence and bounded remediation
CVE-2025-6442 — Ruby WEBrick read_header HTTP Request Smuggling Vulnerability
Ruby WEBrick read_header HTTP Request Smuggling Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to smuggle arbitrary HTTP requests on affected installations of Ruby WEBrick. This issue is exploitable when the product is deployed behind an HTTP proxy that fulfills specific conditions. The specific flaw exists within the read_headers method. The issue results from the inconsistent parsing of terminators of HTTP headers. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to smuggle arbitrary HTTP requests. Was ZDI-CAN-21876.
- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 6.5 (3.0)
- Published
- 2025-06-25
- CISA KEV
- Not currently listed
- Ecosystem
- software/application
- Weaknesses
- CWE-444
Affected products
- ruby-lang / webrick
Matched remediation archetype
HTTP request smuggling and message-boundary ambiguity
This catalog composition supplies bounded fallback guidance. Explicitly reviewed curated workflows load with the complete record below.
Check exposure
- Inventory every proxy, CDN, gateway, load balancer, service mesh, and application server hop on affected request paths.
- Compare documented parsing and normalization behavior for message length, transfer coding, duplicate headers, and protocol translation.
- Identify connection reuse and which downstream services trust headers added by intermediaries.
Remediate safely
- Update affected intermediaries and origin servers and align them on a single standards-compliant request framing policy.
- Reject ambiguous length, transfer-coding, duplicate, malformed, and unsupported framing before forwarding.
- Normalize or remove hop-by-hop and identity headers at one controlled boundary and add multi-hop regression tests.
Authoritative sources
Complete CVE record and remediation plan
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