CVE intelligence and bounded remediation
CVE-2025-40820 — Affected products do not properly enforce TCP sequence number validation in specific scenarios but accept values within a broad range
Affected products do not properly enforce TCP sequence number validation in specific scenarios but accept values within a broad range. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker e.g. to interfere with connection setup, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attack succeeds only if an attacker can inject IP packets with spoofed addresses at precisely timed moments, and it affects only TCP-based services.
- Severity
- High
- CVSS
- 8.7 (4.0)
- Published
- 2025-12-09
- CISA KEV
- Not currently listed
- Ecosystem
- software/application
- Weaknesses
- CWE-940
Affected products
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Matched remediation archetype
Resource exhaustion and denial of service
This catalog composition supplies bounded fallback guidance. Explicitly reviewed curated workflows load with the complete record below.
Check exposure
- Identify attacker-influenced work factors including input size, nesting, compression, fan-out, regex cost, allocation, recursion, retries, and connection lifetime.
- Map per-request and shared CPU, memory, disk, descriptor, thread, queue, and downstream-service limits.
- Determine whether authentication, tenancy, quotas, and rate controls apply before expensive processing begins.
Remediate safely
- Bound input size, nesting, expansion, work, concurrency, queue depth, retries, and execution time before resource-intensive processing.
- Release resources on every success, error, cancellation, and timeout path and use backpressure instead of unbounded buffering.
- Update affected components and add small deterministic tests that assert resource ceilings rather than exhausting a host.
Authoritative sources
Complete CVE record and remediation plan
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